Fact sheet 28: Sub-national governance and the plight of people working in public spaces | by Janelle Mangwanda and Kristen Petersen

The socio-economic and political landscape in many African countries is characterised with inequality, poverty and high unemployment rates, forcing populations to turn to the informal economy for survival. The informal economy has since become the main economic driver in many countries, and is described as all economic activities conducted in public spaces by workers and economic units that are (in law or in practice) not covered or insufficiently covered by formal arrangements. The reality in several African countries is that those working in public spaces are generally vulnerable people, including women traders, migrants, reclaimers, as well as poor and homeless persons. Some of the challenges faced by these groups include onerous bureaucratic requirements for operation, restrictive municipal by-laws and regulations, harsh treatment by law enforcement officials, minimal sanitary services offered by local authorities and climate and environmental changes. The plight of these vulnerable groups is often overlooked by decision makers in policy-making processes. Yet, their activities significantly contribute to socio-economic development by alleviating poverty, creating informal employment, providing food security and offering recycling and sanitation services for municipalities and cities.